Beta
EconomyReading · ~3 min · 62 words deep

Burn Multiple

Burn multiple = net burn / net new ARR · sub-1× is great · AI startups regularly run 3-5× due to compute cost.

TL;DR

Burn multiple = net burn / net new ARR · sub-1× is great · AI startups regularly run 3-5× due to compute cost.

Level 1

David Sacks popularized the burn multiple: money burned per dollar of new ARR. A 1× burn multiple means $1 spent per $1 of net new ARR. Best-in-class SaaS: 0.5-1×. Average: 1.5-2×. AI startups often run 3-5× because training runs and inference compute burn cash before revenue scales.

Level 2

AI burn multiples decompose into: R&D (model training, salaries), inference COGS, sales, and GTM spend. Training runs can be $10M+ each; a startup doing monthly checkpoints may burn $120M/year on training alone. Inference COGS grows with usage but has less up-front cost. Fundraising dynamics: $500M+ Series B rounds are now common at 3× burn multiples because investors price in the training expense.

Level 3

Perplexity's leaked numbers (2024): burn multiple ~4× at $50M ARR. Anthropic: ~2× after Series E at $1B ARR · training dominates but revenue scales fast. OpenAI burn multiple is positive but opaque · ChatGPT consumer losses offset by API gains. Burn multiple compresses as revenue crosses $100M ARR for well-run AI companies · training cost becomes a smaller % of total.

The takeaway for you
If you are a
Researcher
  • ·Burn multiple = net burn / net new ARR
  • ·AI startups: 3-5× pre-scale
  • ·Compresses as revenue scales past $100M ARR
If you are a
Builder
  • ·Track your startup's burn multiple quarterly
  • ·Watch training + inference cost as % of total burn
  • ·Healthy: trending down QoQ
If you are a
Investor
  • ·Primary capital efficiency metric for Series B+ AI
  • ·< 2× at $50M+ ARR = efficient · > 5× = concerning
  • ·AI makes burn multiples worse early, better late
If you are a
Curious · Normie
  • ·How much money a company loses to grow $1 of new sales
  • ·AI companies spend a lot early to build models
  • ·Gets better as they get big
Gecko's take

AI burn multiples are 2-3× higher than SaaS at same revenue · investors accept it because the trajectory flips fast at scale.

SaaS: 1-2×. AI startups: 2-5× early, targeting < 2× at scale.